Event Planning and Management for World Indigenous Games in Brazil

Questions: 1. The Product Breakdown Structure (PBS)2. Arranging, Implementing and Evaluation3. Potential effects in Planning and Implementation of World Indigenous Games4. The Organizers arranging and Implementation Phases Answers: Presentation In the report, the World Indigenous Games occasion will be utilized for examination. The occasion will be held in Porto Nacional, Brazil for a time of eight days. Regardless of the way that the 2016 Olympics in Rio bulletin the spotlight, Brazil is encouraging a tinier anyway apparently a lot cooler event in 2015 - the main World Indigenous Games in Porto Nacional. There is the desire for 5,000 contenders or more from indigenous gatherings from in excess of 30 countries will wander out to the locale of Porto Nacional to participate in a broad assortment of controls, including bolt based weaponry, spear, pull of-war, kayaking, log hustling, wrestling, football, xikunahati (headball), swimming and various games. Disregarding the way that the diversions have happened for more than ten years, this will be the primary gone through the event where intrigue is in contenders from Brazil and the whole globe coming to rival one another. 1. The Product Breakdown Structure (PBS) It perceives and portrays all the things (expectations) that the endeavor needs to make. The thing breakdown structure will exhibit the degree isolated in a different leveled route and at its most insignificant level each thing (deliverable) will be recognized. It is a convincing gadget that unpretentious components the physical portions of a particular thing or system under idea (Gido Clements, 2014). All together for the occasion to be effective assignments will be isolated into principle classes i.e profound respect, promoting effort, Marketing items, Equipment, Venue, speakers, and supporters. Under each of these, there will sub-classifications as is delineated underneath (Browning, 2014).The figure beneath outline the item breakdown structure for World Indigenous Games Figure 1: World Indigenous Games Product breakdown structure Basic Path A basic way is the longest course of action of activities in an assignment game plan which must be done on time for the endeavor to complete on the due date. A development on the basic way can't start until its harbinger activity is done; if it is conceded for a day, the entire endeavor will be delayed for a day except if the development taking after the conceded development is done every prior day (Maina, 2014). It for the most part transforms into the master plan and solidifies most of your legally binding duties and due dates. It is certainly legitimized even notwithstanding your chance to amass one it is a urgent advance that no master event coordinator could ever miss considering the way that missed authoritative due dates can imply hundreds or a large number of dollars in astounding clearing out and flood charges from providers and settings. Events happen dynamically so the work plan should be a living report (Parker, I. (2014). In the graph, E=Start, B-Examine possibility, C= Organizing board of trustees, D=develop occasion, E= Event day, F-Bid occasion, G=Obtain uncommon gear, H=Secure scene. The readiness up to the furthest limit of the occasion will take 20 days. Figure 2: Critical investigation In this diagram, Activities A, B, C, D, and E incorporate the longest way, while Activities F, G, and H are off the fundamental path with buoy of 15 days, 5 days, and 20 days exclusively. While practices that are off the essential way have coast and are thusly not delaying fulfillment of the errand, those on the separating way will by and large have segregating way drag, i.e., they defer adventure wrapping up. The drag of an essential way activity can be handled using the going with formula: 1) if a segregating way activity has nothing in equal, its drag is proportionate to its period of time. Along these lines An and E have hauls of 10 days and 20 days independently. 2) if a segregating way activity has another development in equal, its drag is identical to whichever is less: its time allotment or the total float of the equal development with the base total float. Thusly since B and C are both corresponding to F (float of 15) and H (buoy of 20), B has a range of 20 and drag of 15 (i dentical to F's buoy), while C has a time span of only 5 days and in this way drag of only 5. Activity D, with a period of time of 10 days, is corresponding to G (buoy of 5) and H (float of 20) and subsequently its drag is proportionate to 5, the float of G. These results, including the drag preparing, grant supervisors to compose practices for the convincing organization of undertaking finish, and to truncate the orchestrated fundamental method of an endeavor by pruning separating route works out, by enhancing (i.e., performing more activities in equal), as well as by pummeling the essential way (i.e., shortening the ranges of segregating path practices by including resources). 2. Arranging, Implementing and Evaluation 2.1. Components that Affect Successful World Indigenous Games Event arranging Needs In World Indigenous Games occasion arranging, the need is delivering pay, and this need can once in a while interfere with the organizing system of any undertaking. On the off chance that one is masterminding a broad improvement adventure and the greatest customer unexpectedly sabotages to take their business to the opponent, at that point you may need to hold the expansion orchestrating until the customer issue is resolved. At the point when one starts the orchestrating method for any endeavor, one need to give out every one of the issues going up against the association a need rating. That need rating will make sense of what issues will wreck from the masterminding of your assignment, and which issues can hold up until the approach is done (Pernecky, 2015). Association Resources Having an idea and adding to a game plan for World Indigenous Games can assist the coordinator with developing and succeed, yet if the association doesn't have the resources for make the course of action get together, it can hinder headway. One of the main steps to any orchestrating system should be an appraisal of the benefits essential to complete the endeavor, diverged from the advantages the association has available. A level of the advantages for consider are accounts, staff, space essentials, access to materials and vender associations (Gargalianos, Toohey Stotlar, 2015). Anticipating The coordinator of World Indigenous Games consistently should measure to help plan for changes in the business place. Deciding arrangements livelihoods, materials costs, workforce costs and overhead costs can help an association course of action for pending endeavors. Without careful checking, it very well may be difficult to discern whether the course of action has any chance of accomplishment, if the association has the abilities to draw the game plan and if the game plan will assist with strengthening the association's staying inside the business. For example, if your assessing for the cost of product has changed as a result of an abrupt augmentation in material costs, at that point that can impact segments of your thing take off course of action, including foreseen advantage and the long stretch obligation you may need to make to a provider to endeavor to get the most diminished worth possible (Chan, 2015). Possibility Planning To viably mastermind, World Indigenous Games arranging board of trustees needs to have a crisis game-plan set up. On the possibility that the association has decided to look for another item offering, there is the need to be a bit of the course of action that tends to the probability that the item offering will crash and burn. The reallocation of World Indigenous Games resources, the satisfactory budgetary setbacks, and the potential publicizing issues that a failed thing can achieve all should be a bit of the definitive orchestrating approach from the most punctual beginning stage. 2.2 Factor Affecting Successful Implementation of World Indigenous Games plan 1. Arranging Without managed organizing, change in an affiliation is inclined to break separated or cause a bigger number of issues than favorable circumstances. One need to see correctly what changes will occur and how those movements will occur. For example, in when progressing to another substance organization structure, one should know whether the new system is flawless with the old structure, how you will move the old information to the new system and if there will be compelled access in the midst of the move. Coordinators need to assign parts to individuals who are accountable for the change so all commitments are made sure about. The course of occasions for the change is also a key part and personal time or difficulties must be foreseen in completing standard work assignments while the change occurs (Ittner, Michels, 2015). 2. Nonappearance of Consensus On the possibility that all gatherings are not having an impact in the corporate changes, there are inclined to confront checks in the midst of the system. The decision to complete changes should start from the top degree of the affiliation. All sorting out board of trustees individuals should be prepared and prepared to deal with the movements or you may stand up to difference inside the staff. Everyone won't be ready right from the soonest beginning point.] 3. Correspondence Fail to compare with all agents invites gossipy goodies and fear into the workplace, particularly in the event that you're standing up to noteworthy changes, for instance, downsizing or a merger. Laborers need to understand what's happening, regardless of whether it is certain or negative news. The tendency of precariousness, when the organization doesn't give correspondence upsets work and makes laborers, feel like they aren't a bit of the decision. Keep laborers redesignd reliably about the courses of action and headway toward the change execution. Incorporate all agents anyway much as could sensibly be

Overview of the Apps Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diagram of the Apps Industry - Research Paper Example The applications business is well past diversion and gaming applications. It is a thriving programming industry which divulges open doors for innovation searchers who presented advancement mixed with the Internet. The applications stores, especially Apple Stores, Nokia Ovi and Android markets, are picking up notoriety among clients. Along these lines, the word â€Å"apps† is not, at this point constrained to Smartphones. Different Internet mammoths like Google and Microsoft have started applications stores for their contributions. Applications industry is the aftereffect of joint effort between outsider engineers and organizations for planning, upgrading and exchanging applications by means of various sources like cell phones, tablets, online networking stages and others connected with the web. It has enormous development potential which can be released utilizing advancement and nonstop improvement in highlights (Stevens 58-74). It very well may be properly said that Apps busi ness will set the establishment for Internet’s future model. Apple’s Apps store turned into a motivation for different players in the cell phone industry and was trailed by virtual markets like Nokia Ovi Store, Google Android market and Samsung applications (Appling and Pappalardo, 2010). Indeed, even outside the cell phone stage, the greatest online retailer Amazon is affected by the advancement of applications store and may present it for its Kindle improvement. Applications INDUSTRY HISTORY: The root of cell phone industry started in 1993 with the development of IBM Simon. Be that as it may, 2007 imprints the coming of Apple iPhone which offered ascend to the cell phone applications showcase, generally alluded to as â€Å"apps†. The Apple cell phone was an image of feel which joined touchscreen show with web perusing in one bundle. Applications industry has created throughout the years past cell phones and the versatile applications industry is exceptionally divided among a few players. The applications stores possessed by OEMs by a blend of item, stage and store incorporate Apple applications store and such. Google’s Android and Microsoft advertise are the stage suppliers utilized on outsider handsets like HTC and Samsung (Allen, Graupera, and Lundrigan 57). There is a distinction found in showcase predominance of the brands in different nations. For instance, US showcase opposes in embracing Nokia framework so it couldn't achieve predominance in the district, in contrast to the world market. The conspicuous transporters are AT&T, Sprint Nextel and Verizon whose mix with the equipment producers is extremely pivotal. The bearers set deals conditions for equipment sellers. Generally, the media transmission transporters financed cell phones so as to drive request from customers who, consequently, sign an agreement. This gave an incredible understanding that shoppers are anxious to buy costly cutting edge machines on lower costs . The joint effort can bring about deals ascend for equipment makers just as membership contracts for the transporters. Execution TRENDS: The applications showcase prevalently comprises of four significant players: Apple, Blackberry, Nokia Ovi, and Android. Since the applications advertise has risen, more than 300,000 applications have been created and downloaded more than multiple times. Application stores are turning into a standard for portable applications download for cell phones these days. They are entering in the market quickly with 2.4 billion downloads being done in 2010 (Global details, 2012).

How Far Do You Agree That the 1867 Reform Act Was Sucessfulte Essay

Furthermore, the 1867 Reform Act additionally significantly affected the issues that were being tended to by legislative issues. Though previously, the privileged had fundamentally chosen what occurred in the nation, the demonstration implied that issues were being exposed that had never been talked about appropriately in broad daylight. This was significant as it changed open as well as changed society as well. Issues, for example, the enactment encompassing drinking, instruction and tax collection were currently being affected on by the general population really communicating their emotions about them and this discovered the demonstration had changed totally how individuals saw legislative issues by moving their concentration from the people inside governmental issues to the really political interests that they spoke to. Just because, the demonstration appeared to permit regular workers individuals to feel rankled at how they were marked uneducated inside society and how they were accused for society. One might say that the Reform Act’s most significant result was urging individuals to now support what they have faith in and to make a genuine majority rule government by uncovering the blemishes of the current political framework that had kept shrouded an arrangement of concealment underneath a misrepresentation of vote based system. Then again, this result can be seen by and by to just ascribe more to the contention that the most significant result of the 1867 Reform Act was that that it hosted on the political gatherings. While it changed the individuals, it likewise implied that people like Gladstone and Disraeli needed to create more grounded characters, increasingly persuasive open talking and just for the most part a progressively unmistakable persona to get consideration off the individuals and this changed legislative issues, beginning to change it to what we perceive today with government officials going to class fairs and opening galleries to get constructive exposure. While these results were critical at that point, maybe the most long haul and conspicuous of the entirety of the results was the impact that the 1867 Reform Act had on the political framework and specifically, on the Liberals and Conservatives parties. Source 7 backings this view by acquainting us with the possibility of the ‘political machine’. The source shows how the Reform Act of 1867 implied that the ideological groups needed to quite contend and make, some of the time ridiculous guarantees, to engage voters. It shows how this implies electioneering, the manner in which the gatherings depicted themselves and introduction of issues turned out to be substantially more significant as legislative issues got national and pivoted around moral issues. For sure this view has a great deal of weight in a contention. The ideological groups currently were stepping a cautious line and keep a harmony between the contention of distancing the individuals with progressive political thoughts and quick activities to make sure about themselves as the most grounded ideological groups. This implied the Liberals and the Conservatives needed to get joined together and expert. This effect was significant as it implied that the political steadfastness was made that we can perceive in legislative issues today. Already, parties had separated and clashed over issues however following the demonstration, government officials had to concede that they needed to stay faithful to their own ideological group so as to get any accomplishment inside the political conditions. This result is so noteworthy as it made the solid connection that despite everything exists today between ideological groups and the voters. The two distinct gatherings needed to go to what they saw as extraordinary lengths to make sure about voters’ devotion and to urge them to cast a ballot. This incorporated the setting up of gathering clubs and excursions to spots, for example, the ocean side as remunerations for individuals who vowed to decide in favor of a specific ideological group. As it were, it shows how this result was critical in progressing political association and demonstrable skill yet in different manners it simply kept up the old compelling plans that legislators utilized however finally, they needed to really be astute to utilize these as opposed to unmitigatedly pay off and impact individuals. They could even now impact individuals, similarly as they had finished with the open polling forms, however this time they needed to do it with remunerations and bogus guarantees. To a limited degree, this can in any case be believed to occur in our political framework today. Taking everything into account, there were numerous results of the 1867 Reform Act and these were huge in their own specific manner. The effect of these can be seen obviously by the way that they have activated highlights of our own political framework today, for example, solid political characters for government officials and ‘image-conscious’ papers and magazines. In any case, these all added to permitting the Liberals and the Conservatives gatherings to change and while independently they were noteworthy effects, the impact that they had on electorate consistently related with an impact on the ideological groups. Thusly, the most critical result of the 1867 Reform Act was the effect that it had on the Liberals and the Conservatives parties yet this would not have been huge or even have happened freely of the effect that the follow up on the electorate themselves. This implies while we can distinguish a result of the go about as the most significant, it just would not have had the impact that it had without different results of the demonstration, implying that all things considered they are significant and making it incredibly hard to mark the significance of the results.

Legalization Marijuana Research Paper - 2200 Words

Legalization Marijuana (Research Paper Sample) Content: Legalizing MarijuanaName:Instructor:Course:Date:Legalizing MarijuanaIntroductionCannabis refers to both recreational and medicinal drug that has been used since the herb was known to exist; today cannabis has been researched, approved by legislators to be used only for medical applications. Some People have opposed the consumption of marijuana for medical and recreational use. The herb referred to as cannabis indigo is the number one drug and the hottest issue coming to the surface of social issue for Americans.History of marijuanaThe marijuana plant has been there since 6000 B.C. In 1840 the plant was legalized and made available for medical purpose in America. In 1906 the United State government and the department of food and Drug Administration ordered for the labeling of products containing cannabis. In 1914 the Harrison Act listed Cannabis for approval but the law was not passed. Between 1915 and 1924 cannabis was prohibited for non medical use in the United Sta tes (Berlatsky, 2012). During the twentieth century crime rates were attributed to marijuana and alcohol consumption. In 1925 the second Geneva Convention and passed regulation on cannabis worldwide. 1937 the federal government took a drastic change; cannabis was illegal in the United Stated and doctorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s could not prescribe medical cannabis to patients. The law of 1937 was the federal governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s response to political pressure from Drug Enforcement Agency that worried about the use and spread of marijuana by "Mexican" in the United States (Carroll, 2006).Legal and medical officers in New Orleans began studies on Cannabis, and within a few years published articles claiming that many of the crimes committed in the region could be traced to marijuana consumption. News reported that marijuana use was a sexual stimulant which removed civilized inhibitions and led people to commit uncivilized crimes. As a result, requests were made to include marihuana in the federal law which controlled similar substances; it was named the Harrison Narcotic Act. In the mid 1920 the crime was razing in New Orleans because of Marijuana consumption and alcohol this led to scientific investigation and cannabis was researches. Today the studies and the finding on the surveys and studies of cannabis have led to the legalizations of Medical Marijuana in 13 states and 11 states are pending to legalize the herb.Marijuana and federal lawsIn June 12, 2009 The New York Times published an article that discusses federal laws and local laws that have a conflict with each other. A man is facing one year in prison for selling medical marijuana and following local law. Charles Lynch an owner of dispensary, sold marijuana to patients with a prescription to obtain the medicine. California law is proposition 215 which allows marijuana to be used for medical purposes only. Federal law prohibits the cultivation, sale and use of marijuana for medicinal purposes, but Californiaà ¢Ã¢â€ š ¬s law allows certain uses of marijuana with a doctorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s prescription. The new law is not synchronizing with federal law and it continues to be a criminal act to get medicine herb. The state and federal law are being applied completely to the dispensary owners. Proposition 215 is just a law that stands alone with no backup from the federal laws. Federal laws would have to change to fully help the patients and the dispensary owners (Lee, 2012).The studies that have been conducted shows that marijuana will continue to be part of the American culture. The legalization of medical marijuana is now an implement law in 13 states. There is substantial interest in Congress to make medical marijuana available, and a number of states are expected to legalize marijuana.Recent research on marijuana conducted by NORML 2000-2009 shows that the following diseases can be treated by marijuana: Anorexia; Glaucoma; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); Chronic pain; Cachexia; Migrain e; Cancer; Arthritis; Persistent muscle spasms just to mention a few. It is also believed to protect the brain against Neurodegeneration or dementia, and the protection of the body against some types of malignant tumors. The remedy for alleviation of pain and discomfort is cannabis. Americans will improve their quality of life regardless if it is legal or not (Lee, 2012).ConclusionMedical marijuana is important to everybody in Americans and it should therefore be legalized in the States of America. American are working and paying focus on the medical benefits of the herb. Human need all the medical breakthrough possible and the federal government should approve it and make it available to the sick. Make it available to the public. Companies that produce medicine will be able to produce more affordable medication for American. The Legalization of marijuana in the United States is good for all the states. Researchers continue to find new remedies that are aimed at lowering the cost o f medication of some diseases by providing marijuana medication in the correct dosage ...

Illegal Immigrants Do NOT Harm Americas Economy Essay

In the article â€Å"Illegal Immigrants Do Not Harm Americas Economy† the authors, Brian, Grow, et al used issues to portray current illegal circumstances in American, the situations which demonstrated the necessity of undocumented aliens. Although, the articles lacks of evidence from the other side, but it had a well organized structure and logical supporting evidence; however, the writers did create a remarkable view at the illegal refugees’ benefits on the economy for the others. In the article, Grow, et al was convinced that illegal immigration had always been the one had the most negatives comments over the last two decades. However, Grow, et al argue that unlawful settlers transpire a component of American’s economic cycle consequently†¦show more content†¦By doing this, authors made the overviews of the articles sound more conniving on the positive side than it shouldn’t be. On the other hand, authors also ignored how the negative effects affected our economy. Certainly, the burden enlarger as the demands for food and shelters and public serves, such as school and hospital increase as millions of illegal immigrants sneak in. And the fear of high tax bill and heavy social border also lead public to have second thoughts on illegal aliens as well. Grow, et al should be fairly judging both the positive and negative insights of the current issue. Overall, the articles of illegal immigrants do not harm America’s economy allot a d eceitful view for majority of the readers. Definitely, a deceptive vision is demonstrates by the articles; however, the articles itself was well organized. Grow, et al illustrate a thriving controlled over the article through detailed example. Appearing in the commencement of the articles, Grow, et al illustrates several detail examples of life of illegal alien in American. Over those detailed example, a comparison are made by Grow, et al, the comparison between poverty and enhanced living of unlawful setters. Next, authors also provided selective headline to assist reader to better understand the article. Thought the essay, authors provided head line and topic over the paragraph which the Arthurs going to talk about. By doing this, Reader will able to have a clear overallShow MoreRelatedInvestment and Economic Moats46074 Words   |  185 PagesT LITTLE BOO K HE THAT BUILDS WEALTH The Knockout Formula for Finding Great Investments PAT DORSEY FOREWORD BY JOE MANSUETO FOUNDER, CHAIRMAN, AND CEO OF MORNINGSTAR, INC. 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Education Reform For The United States - 1915 Words

Education in America started with the Pilgrims in the early 1600’s. The first public school was opened in 1635 in Boston Massachusetts. In 1642, Massachusetts started an education reform that stated â€Å"Any child not properly educated would apprentice to a trade†. This education reform was created because they believed it was important for children and citizens to be able to read the laws of the land. This was the first law that required children to be education. If they were not properly educated they would be moved from their home to a better fit environment where they would be able to learn. Virginia then followed with a similar law in 1646. In 1647 Massachusetts founded an act called â€Å"Old Deluder Satan Act†. This act required towns of more than fifty families to hire a teacher for reading and writing. Towns of more than a hundred families had to establish a grammar school which served as college preparation. Dame schools taught reading and writing to f emales because this was all they were expected to learn so that they would not have the same intellect as men. Their classes were held in the teacher’s kitchen who continued her chores while the students did their lessons. At the beginning of the 20th century, parents and public schools began demanding more practical and useful curriculums. Growing up with my mom as a teacher I know how much time they spend working and helping their students learn and achieve so many things and how little they receive back inShow MoreRelated Public Education Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesPublic education in the United States is perhaps one of the most critical issues we face as a nation. Once pronouncing the United States as a â€Å"nation at risk†, the educational institution began to implement one reform strategy after another. 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With the advent of globalization, a borderless world has started to emerge, and the significance and demand of the education in this new world education has grown even more. The United States and the entire Western region has been witnessingRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind1693 Words   |  7 Pages​The United States of America is among the countries in the world that highly focus on the education of its citizens. The country’s government allots sufficient funding for its education, thus the country is considered the number one nation that spends on per student than any other nation in in the world. With the high price of education and the high cost of funding, the country aims to ensure that all public schools in all states achieve quality education. The â€Å"No C hild Left Behind† Act is America’s

Illegal Phoenix Activity and Misconduct †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Illegal Phoenix Activity and Misconduct. Answer: Introduction: Phoenix activity can be defined as the evasion of liabilities, like tax and employee entitlements, by systematic, wilful and cyclic liquidation of such entities which involves related corporate trading (Parliament of Australia, 2017). In the words of Australian Securities and Investment Commission, short for ASIC, phoenix activities involve a specific kind of conduct. In such cases where the organization is unable to pay its debts and acts in such a manner where the equal access to the organizations assets are deliberately denied to the unsecured creditors, which could allow them to meet them unpaid debts, and where within a single year a new business is established in which the assets, whether partly or wholly, of the old business are used and is controlled by the same people who controlled the previous organization (Taylor David, 2014). Phoenix is a mythological bird, which dies and is reborn from its ashes. This analogy proves to be of held for defining phoenix activities, where a new business is formed from the ashes of the old business. Phoenix activities contain different practices, which are majorly concerned with the management of the old company, using the assets of the old company, to form a new company, for avoiding its different liabilities towards different stakeholders (Margret Peck, 2014). No, the phoenix activities can never be beneficial for the society. The reason behind this lies in the very purpose for which such activities are undertaken. The purpose of the indulging in such activity for a small group of people is to evade their liabilities, which they owe to different stakeholders. These stakeholders are a part of the society and include the creditors, the employees and even the government, which ultimately works for the benefit of the society. A small group of individuals indulge in activities which can be deemed as fraudulent and benefit themself by not having to pay their dues. The workers are not paid their entitlements, the creditors are not paid their debts and the nation has to bear millions of dollars in cost due to such activities (ASIC, 2017). This proves that phoenix activities are not beneficial for the society. The purpose of phoenix activity is not just one but many. The easiness of indulging in phoenix activities, along with the same being an easy way to not fulfil the liabilities and remaining invisible from compliances are some of the factors for which the phoenix activities are indulged in. The management of the previous company evades the liabilities of such company, by forming a new company and saving costs by using the assets of the previous company (Oakes Clark, 2017). The other purpose of taking part in phoenix activities is accumulating the debts, without having the intent of ever making repayments to such debts, and when the debt is claimed, liquidating the company to avoid the repayment of the debt obligations (Australian Government, 2009). As has been stated earlier also, by taking part in the phoenix activities, a certain set of people obtain benefit by avoiding their liabilities in the matter of repaying what they took from others, apart from what they had to pay others for their services or as taxation. This set of people includes the management, as well as, the directors of the previous organization. Not only they fail to repay their dues, they also make use of the property of the previous company, which saves them the cost of buying new assets for the new company. There are different stakeholder groups which have to face the brunt of the phoenix activities. The unlawful phoenix activities are problematic for the economy of the nation in the view of Senate Economics References Committee and a culture of disregarding the law was followed through these activities (The Conversation, 2016). The 2015 Productivity Commission Report provided that in Australia, about 2,000-6,000 phoenix companies were present, due to which, the company had to bear costs of A$1.8 billion to A$3.2 billion on yearly basis (Productivity Commission, 2015). Due to the high amount of unpaid tax liabilities, the tax revenues of the nation are also hampered (Anderson, Ramsay Welsh, 2016). So, the nation is the first stakeholder which is affected, and the next stakeholder group is the employees. The unlawful phoenix activities have far reaching consequences and are unfair. This is evidenced from the loss which the employees have to bear. When a company indulges in phoenix activities, the employees of the previous organization are not paid their salary, and apart from this, their rightfully earned entitlements are also not paid to them. Creditor is also one of the stakeholder groups affected by phoenix activities. The creditors are small businesses, who face hardships when their dues are not paid. Along with this, the contractors of the previous company are also not paid the promised sum based on the contract. So, there are different stakeholder groups which are adversely affected due to phoenix activities (Anderson et al, 2017a). There has been wide coverage of the phoenix activities in the papers, reports and enquiries of the parliament and yet, it is not defined anywhere in the Corporations Act, 2001. Through the latest amendments to this act, by the Phoenixing Act, the ASIC has been handed the discretionary power for winding a company in case some specific conditions have been fulfilled. And these conditions have been stated in section 489 EA (WIPO, 2015). ASIC has also issued Regulatory Guide 242 through which the situations have been properly explained in which the powers given under Part 5.4C of the amended act can be used. When an order for winding up is made under this section, the sale and distribution of the property of the company is handed over to the liquidator (Boss Lawyers, 2017). The specific penalties for indulging in unlawful phoenix activities are not covered under the corporate law regime, but the directors who take part in such activities can be made liable pursuant to Part 2D.1, which relates to the director duties. The phoenix activities can also result in transactions which are voidable or could result in the provisions contained in Corporations Acts Part 5.8A being contravened, which are related to the employee entitlements (Martin, 2007). Section 181 relates to the duty of the director and officers of the company to discharge their obligations and use their powers in a way which can be considered as proper, in best interest of company and shows good faith (ICNL, 2017). The duties related to making proper use of the position held by such individual and of the company information, are respectively covered under section 182 and 183 of the Corporations Act (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). In case the directors take part in phoenix activities, the best interest of the previous organization is ignored and the information of the old organization is misused for the purpose of putting the new company in an advantageous position (Martin, 2007). By indulging in phoenix activities, the directors of the old company, who are benefitted and take part in the new company, can be disqualified from being a director in any company on the basis of section 206C of this act and the period of disqualification is decided by the court (Latimer, 2012). Further, as these activities involve insolvent trading, the directors can be made liable based on section 588G of this act (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2017). The reason for applying section 588G lies in the previous company being made insolvent by incurring liabilities and by making use of their assets for the new company. So, the stakeholder groups can hold the responsible directors and officers liable for the breach of these sections (Martin, 2007). There are not many cases where the phoenix activities were properly nabbed. However, one of the cases where this was established is the case of ASIC v Somerville Ors [2009] NSWSC 934. The defendant in this case was the attorney who had started legal practice which the company director advised and were facing financial difficulties. The defendant was made accountable as the restructuring advice was given by the company, when they knew that the new company was being created and the operations of the old company had not been discontinued (Mullette, 2009). As a result of this, the court passed a disqualification order for 6 years against the defendant, instead of the higher period sought by ASIC (Anderson et al, 2017a). The Productivity Inquiry conducted by ASIC in July 2015 saw a number of provisions being endorsed by the ASIC, in the form of being supplementary submission in closing, transferring and setting up of businesses. The reason for this stemmed from the ineffectiveness of the section 596AB provisions, which was supposed to put an end to the people indulging in unlawful phoenix activities. A key issue which is often highlighted is that actions to be brought against the director in cases of illegal activities can prove costly. All this led to the introduction of phoenix prohibitions (Anderson et al, 2017b). These phoenix prohibitions fail to confine the phoenix arrangements which are sophisticated in nature, particularly when a transfer of assets is not involved. Also, the position of the ASIC, in the matter of phoenix prohibition creates is not very consistent. The Productivity Commission Report provided that the duties of the directors are not properly utilized in the context of phoenix activity and this is also the case for the provisions related to insolvent trading. Agreed that the civil penalties are imposed for indulging in insolvent activities pursuant to section 596AB, the criminal provisions can be solely activated by ASIC (Paolini, 2014). This makes the criminal conviction a difficult task in comparison to the implementation and enforcement of civil provisions. The reason for this lies in the need to show the element of mens rea for making a criminal case, in addition to providing proof where the claim can be provided without any uncertainties (Anderson et al, 2017b). Getting back to the main question at hand, which is whether or not the phoenix prohibitions are really the key? This is undoubtedly a very appealing notion. The reason for this lies in these prohibitions sending an educated message for the advisors, as well as, the controllers of the company, along with having a high possibility for increasing the commitment towards compliances. To further consider this, three factors prove to be of help, and these are the normative factors, the social factors and the calculative factors. The people belonging to the first category are motivated internally for complying with the regulations, due to the moral reasoning held by them. This would mean that with the introduction of phoenix prohibition, people belonging to this group would not do anything which is undesirable or can be deemed as immoral. The social factors motivate these people and the need of being approved by the peers and being respected by them would make them avoid any damage to their reputation and would not attract any negative publicity, which would happen if the phoenix prohibitions are breached. The group of people who are motivated by the calculative factors would always consider the compliance costs and of the detection of a wrong done by them (Anderson et al, 2017b). Though, when these prohibitions are carefully analysed, they do not show much conviction and the arguments which are given for favouring the phoenix prohibitions, fail to be convincing. The biggest difficulty in this regard is drafting the legislative provisions which could specifically deal with these issues, comparatively with respect to the director duties which are present right now, which could cover the complex manifestations for the phoenix activities in an effective manner. Where such a provision is proposed which is related to risks associated with externally discernible facts, it could prove to be very complex and also full of loopholes. Hence, there is a need to strictly impose penalties for the wrong done by the individuals, in place of imposing penalties on the particular situation where such incident occurred (Anderson et al, 2017b). The main point being that there is no need for increasing the complexities in the law through which the illegal phoenix activities are presently governed. What is actually needed is the strengthening of the compensation, as well as, profit stripping remedies and imposing the punitive penalties for the breach of duties of directors. By adopting this proposal, two functions would be served. The first one is where the ASIC would incentivize and the second where the private litigants would make use of the contravening provisions in a more frequent manner as there would be high chances from making gains on the enforcement actions. Further, this would also help in deterring the unlawful phoenix activity operators as they would face a higher penalty by being a part of such activities (Anderson et al, 2017b). The best solution here is the adoption of an alternative to these prohibitions. In this regard, there is a need to take steps towards improving the present provisions, instead of going for more burdens. For the contravention of duties of directors there is a need to seek sanctions. By introducing high penalties, and coupling the losses of such activities, the financial gains made from such activities can be used for the purpose of compensating the ones who were at loss as a result of such activities. Lastly, the costs for the non compliance by the directors also need to be improved. However, for this, there is a need for effective enforcement mechanisms to be deployed in the matter of duties of the directors. The frequency of the enforcement actions also need to be enhanced and this is a task for ASIC. And in place of creating a new law, the current law should be amended so that the miscreants and enforcers know about the changed norms (Anderson et al, 2017b). It has been aptly stated in the preceding section, that the present law needs to be amended. The phoenix prohibitions have to be structured in a manner so as to include high penalties. This could be done by including the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) provisions in the phoenix prohibition and the need to applying them in a stringent manner. Some of the provisions which prove to be of help include section 192F, 192G ad 192H (NSW Legislation, 2017). The reach of the compensation orders, which the courts award pursuant to section 1317H need to be increased. Pursuant to these changes, the aggrieved party could be compensated by being awarded damages from the profits made and the liable party being imposed with civil penalties, as well as, being required to surrender the profits made. This liability should extend to the beneficiary of the wrongdoing parties, along with this, the criminal provisions needs to be strengthened. The director duties have to be so raised that people think twice before indulging in such acts (Anderson et al, 2017b). References Anderson, H., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M. (2016). Illegal phoenix activity: Quantifying its incidence and cost. Retrieved from: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/2070363/Anderson,-H,-Ramsay,-I,-and-Welsh,-M,-Illegal-Phoenix-Activity-Quantifying-Its-Incidence-and-Cost-2016-24-Insolv-LJ-95.pdf Anderson, H., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M., Hedges, J. (2017a). Phoenix Activity. Retrieved from: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/2274131/Phoenix-Activity-Recommendations-on-Detection-Disruption-and-Enforcement.pdf Anderson, H., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M., Hedges, J. (2017b). Illegal Phoenix Activity: Is A Phoenix Prohibition The Solution?. Retrieved from: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/2271613/Anderson-et-al,-Illegal-Phoenix-Activity-Is-a-Phoenix-Prohibition-the-Solution-2017-Company-and-Securities-Law-Journal-forthcoming.pdf ASIC. (2017). Small business-illegal phoenix activity. Retrieved from: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/your-business/small-business/compliance-for-small-business/small-business-illegal-phoenix-activity/ Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2017). Corporations Act 2001. Retrieved from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ Australian Government. (2009). Action against fraudulent phoenix activity. Retrieved from: https://archive.treasury.gov.au/documents/1647/PDF/Phoenix_Proposal_Paper.pdf Boss Lawyers. (2017). What is Phoenix Activity? Retrieved from: https://www.bosslawyers.com.au/phoenix-activity/ Cassidy, J. (2006). Concise Corporations Law (5th ed.). NSW: The Federation Press. Federal Register of Legislation. (2017). Corporations Act 2001. Retrieved from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 ICNL. (2017). Corporations Act 2001. Retrieved from: https://www.icnl.org/research/library/files/Australia/Corps2001Vol4WD02.pdf Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law 2012 (31st ed.). Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Margret, J.E., Peck, G. (2014). Fraud in Financial Statements. Oxon: Routledge. Martin, A. (2007). Directors' Duties and Phoenix Companies. Retrieved from: https://www.allens.com.au/pubs/pdf/insol/pap4apr07.pdf Mullette, S. (2009). Phoenix Rising - Advisors to directors of phoenix company burned. Retrieved from: https://www.bartier.com.au/insights/phoenix-rising-advisors-to-directors-of-phoenix-company-burned/ NSW Legislation. (2017). Crimes Act 1900 No 40. Retrieved from: https://www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/#/view/act/1900/40 Oakes, D., Clark, S. (2017). Phoenixing companies too easy and lucrative in Australia, new report finds. Retrieved from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-24/phoenixing-companies-too-easy-in-australia/8301638 Paolini, A. (2014). Research Handbook on Directors Duties. Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar. Parliament of Australia. (2017). Chapter 5: Illegal phoenix activity and other misconduct. Retrieved from: https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Economics/Insolvency_construction/Report/c05 Productivity Commission. (2015). Business Set-up, Transfer and Closure. Retrieved from: https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/business/report/business.pdf Taylor David. (2014). What is Phoenix Activity? Retrieved from: https://www.taylor-david.com/news/what-is-phoenix-activity The Conversation. (2016). Illegal phoenix activity is costing us billions heres how it could be stemmed. Retrieved from: https://theconversation.com/illegal-phoenix-activity-is-costing-us-billions-heres-how-it-could-be-stemmed-65335 WIPO. (2015). Corporations Act 2001. Retrieved from: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=370817

Role of Merchandiser free essay sample

The merchandiser is responsible for particular lines of merchandise. For example, in a department store, there may be merchandisers for menswear, women’s wear, children’s wear etc. the basic duties of the merchandiser can be divided into four areas: planning, directing, co-coordinating and controlling. Planning: Though the merchandisers may not be directly involved in the actual purchase of merchandise, they formulate the policies for the areas in which they are responsible. Forecasting sales for the forthcoming budget period is required and this involves estimating consumer demand and the impact of changes in the retail environment. The sales forecasts are then translated into budgets to help the buyers work within the financial guidelines. Directing: Guiding and training buyers as and when the need arises is also function of the merchandiser. Many a times, the buyers have to be guided to take additional markdowns for products which may not be doing to well in the stores. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Merchandiser or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Inspiring commitment and performance in the part of the buyers is necessary. Coordinating: Usually, merchandise managers supervise the work of more than one buyer, hence they need to coordinate the buying effort in terms of how well it fits in with the store image and with the other products being bought by other buyers. Controlling: Assessing not only the merchandise performance, but also the buyer’s performance is part of the merchandise manager’s job. Buying performance may be evaluated on the basis of net sales maintained mark up percentages, mark down percentages, gross margin percentages and stock turn. This is necessary to provide control and maintain high performance results. As a key aspect of merchandising involves selection of merchandise or products to be sold in the retail store, the job of the merchandiser also involves visits to suppliers or manufacturers of select goods. This is likely to involve working closely with retail buyers. They negotiate a price, order the goods, agree on a delivery date, complete all the necessary paperwork, and keep in ouch with suppliers to make sure that the goods arrive on time. Merchandisers work closely with the visual display staff and department managers to decide how goods should be displayed to best attract customers’ attention. This might involve planning and setting up sales promotions and advertising campaign. In some organizations, this is a separate role carried out by a visual merchandiser. Merchandiser may also travel to different stores to actually check the response to various items in the merchandise. To enjoy working as a merchandiser, it is essential that the individual has a mathematical ability to work out budgets and understand sales figures. He/she should be able to understand what the customer wants and translate that into specific products. The ability to work in a team is also essential, as the merchandiser would have a team of buyers reporting to him / her. Many retail organizations also have a Divisional Merchandise Manager (DMM) or similar position, wherein the person would be responsible for merchandising activities for particular liens of merchandise. For example, the children’s wear DMM supervises those buyers who purchase merchandise such as baby clothes, clothes for new born, clothes for boys, clothes for girls and accessories. Typically, the role of a divisional merchandise manager, immaterial of the size of the retail organization, would involve the following functions: 1) Forecasting sales for the forthcoming budget period: This involves estimating consumer demand and the impact of changes in the retail environment. 2) Translating the sales forecast into inventory levels in terms of rupees. To do this effectively, the DMM needs to understands and provide for the inventory levels that would be needed to achieve of sales 3) Inspiring commitment and performance on the part of the merchandisers and buyers: Typically, as divisional merchandise managers are senior within the organization, it is believed that they can guide the merchandisers in terms of vendor selection, merchandise lines that can be developed and future trends. 4) Assessing not only the merchandise performance but also the buyer’s performance in order to provide control and maintain high performance results.

The Alchemist Essays

The Alchemist Essays The Alchemist Paper The Alchemist Paper Love in Time of Cholera by Gabriel Garcia Marquez and The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. Magical realism in other words, is combination of magic and existent events written in a book. Alchemy is also a combination of magic, and science which main goal is to convert less valuable metals to gold or silver. By definition, alchemy is a way of studying and experimenting with matter that includes elements of chemistry, philosophy, and spirituality. Before the development of modern chemistry, alchemists tried to understand the changes they saw in metals and other materials that were exposed to fire and acids. People today still practice alchemy, but modern alchemists primarily seek spiritual transformation, and base their studies on philosophy. †(1) The process of trying to make gold or silver out of cheaper metals is called transmutation. This process was practiced by almost one-hundred percent of all alchemists ever known in history. Alchemists and metal-smiths used similar techniques as well, but alchemists often saw themselves as trying to speed up or perfect the work ings of nature. Some alchemists searched for the philosophers stone, which they thought could greatly speed up the transmutation process. Many alchemists believed that they could perfect and purify materials only if they themselves were spiritually perfected and purified in the process. Ancient societies in Egypt, India, and China practiced alchemy. Egyptian writers produced a number of written works on alchemy from approximately 200  B. C. to A. D. 200. Scholars in Arab built on these works from the 640’s to about 1200 A. D.. When alchemy reached Europe around 1100 A. D. t grew rapidly, especially in noble courts. At its peak in the 1600’s, a number of famous scientists practiced alchemy, including Robert Boyle of Ireland and the very famous, Isaac Newton of England. In the late 1700’s, many educated people began to ridicule alchemy as pseudoscientific, or falsely claiming scientific merit, and deceptive. Alchemists based their ideas on the ancient Greek belief that matter co nsists of four elements: water, earth, air, and fire. Alchemists also believed that all metals could be reduced to a single type of matter, thus being able to transform into each other. In the 700’s, Arab alchemists thought that the qualities of all metals could be explained through sulfur, a well known element which burns in hot fires, and mercury, a liquid at room temperature that has a metallic shine. In the early 1500s, the Swiss physician Philippus Paracelsus, thought that sulfur, mercury, and salt gave metals their distinctive qualities, thus able to distinguish each and every one of them. Alchemy played a key role in the development of modern day science. The theories of alchemy gave rise to a modern chemical theory and something interesting, or eye catching, to learn about. Modern experimental techniques developed from such alchemical practices as studying nature in a laboratory, observing experiments and keeping records, other wise known as data, and measuring the ingredients and products of chemical reactions. Alchemy plays a huge role in the novel, The Alchemist, in such a way that, in the prologue there is an alchemist that picks up a book that someone in the caravan had brought. He begins to leaf through the pages and finds a story about Narcissus. The alchemist knew the legend of Narcissus, a young child who knelt daily beside a lake to contemplate his own beauty. One morning, he was so fascinated with himself that he fell into the lake and drowned. At that very spot were he fell in a flower grew, which was called the Narcissus. When Narcissus died the goddess of the forest appeared at the lake, she asked the lake if Narcissus was really beautiful. The lake said that it did not know because it was too busy staring into Narcissus’s eyes to view it’s own beauty. The story is what sets up the excitement of the novel. During the novel, a boy named Santiago was having dreams about a hidden treasure, and seeks a gypsy for help. She is the first one Santiago consults about his dream. She is mysterious and yet religious as can be attested by the Sacred Heart of Jesus picture on her wall. She tells Santiago that because it was a child who took his hands in the dream and led him to the pyramids, so he must go. However, before she tells him anything, she makes him promise that he will give her one-tenth if he finds his treasure. Some people who were associated to alchemy were gypsies. Many gypsies were involved in basket making, copper work, and the mending of China ware. The term gypsy has several overlapping meanings. Initially the word was used to refer to the Romani People, who appeared in England at about the beginning of the 16th century. † (3) In the book, the gypsy Santiago encountered, was some what of a fortune teller. She would, or tried to decide someones fate, or destiny. Historical gypsies, or true Romany, tended to go from door to door selling pegs and fortune telling. True Romany fashioned anything from wood and excelled in palmistry and astrology. They also learned to travel the highways and byways from place to place selling products of trade. Another gypsy trait was the involvement in the planets natural gifts. Most gypsies relied on roots, berries, vegetables, green foods and nature’s herbs for medicine. Gypsies believed that all of nature’s products all contained a direct message from the sun. Along with environmental remedies for medicine gypsies use organic materials to make simple spells and rituals which they believe harness the power of nature and the elemental spirits. Though many gypsies perform these spells, most Romany people would profess a belief in an official religion of the country, which is why many are born-again Christians, they try to teach us to take the joy in the moment. Fate is something that unavoidably befalls a person. It is the universal principle or ultimate agency by which the order of things is presumably prescribed. † (2) It is basically something that is out of your hands, something that the lord will only control. By relating different terms that are related to the novel The Alchemist our understanding of the novel should be more clear. Magical realism, alchemy, gypsies, and fate can relate to each other by many different ways. Although they don’t have many themes in common it is possible to transmit the purpose and the relations about them. We don’t really know how the work of fiction is going to end but we hope that all the variety we found in these terms would reflect on the novel. (1) Alchemy. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 18 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (2) Fate. Collins English Dictionary Complete Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (3) Gypsy. Dictionary. com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . (4) â€Å"Magic Realism. † Alberto Rios Definitions. 23 May. 2002. Web. 26 Jan. 2011.

Social Learning Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Social Learning Theory - Essay Example This is the focus of Bandura's social learning theory. It is already noted that Bandura was responsible for the bobo doll studies, where an egg-shape balloon with a weight in the bottom was used, which bobbed up once knocked down (Rosenstock, et al., 1988). The experiment suggests that children imitated what was done on the doll (hitting, punching, and shouting at it) without waiting for any reward. This is where social learning theory is based, an observational learning or modeling (ibid). It suggests that both the environment and psychological factors create a kind of behavior that an individual acts upon. It states that individuals, especially children, learn and act according to what they see in the environment, which are based on imitation. They become socialized within such environment, pursuing a modeled behavior. It is then significant to point out that since children imitate values, actions, and social behavior modeled to them, it is thus, better that these actions and values are good and correct in order for them to act as val uable social beings. The social learning theory has a continuous reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental influences. It points to us the relevance of observing and modeling in order for an individual to imitate a perceived appropriate social behavior. It has extensively been applied to understanding aggressive behaviors and how an individual may be influenced to trail the path of aggression. The two teens who have shot and killed a tourist at an interstate rest area are said to have modeled a behavior on their environment, which is aggressive and geared toward taking the act lightly. Hence, the two teens have certainly seen this action as "cool" and "not a big deal," which likely emphasizes the same environment in which they function. It was not an overnight behavioral learning, but did require certain forms of modeling, which they perhaps acquired from watching violent television shows, playing violent computer games, being engaged in gang riots, reinforced by frequent liquor intake and prohibited drugs. Their environment signifies that such action may be committed and gotten over with quickly, in which they are unconscious of the consequences. The two youngsters themselves are representations of their own environment in which they model violent and decadent behaviors. Just like the bobo doll experiment in which the children who participated did the same unlikely acts d emonstrated to them on the doll without thinking if the act is correct or otherwise, the two teens did the act out of a modeled behavior. This modeled behavior was not just simply acquired from a pigment of imagination, or out of a queer idea, but from the same modeling, which they have been seeing around and in which they were frequently exposed to. Moreover, they are active players in this environment. The imitated behavior may in fact did not allow the teens to analyze if the act of killing the tourist was right or wrong, having internalized the behavior in their own confederates and even the mass media - which support the behavior and which they perceive as normal (if not bad) and "cool" among adventurous people. Television commercials and computer games are few of the most pervasive examples of social learning situations nowadays.

Arabic Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Arabic Culture - Essay Example This paper is a discussion comparing the influence Arab and American TV programming have on shaping cultural practices of these two groups. One of the main issues which TV in programs, in Arab world, focuses on is the conservative dressing code, while in America, is dressing fashionably. Women who feature on TV in the Arab world in most cases put on veils, which cover their whole body and some parts of the head. The women in Arab world in turn, are influenced to continue on with the conventional mode of dressing. Contrary to the Arab world, women who feature in TV programs, in America, embrace the culture of dressing according to the current fashion. This translates on to the society in that women copy the latest mode of dressing they watched on TV. TV programs have great influence on fashion cultural trend while in Arab world TV programs does not influence fashion because of its conservative nature (Monaco 15). The other issue that can be compared in TV in the Arab world and America is the portrayal of freedom. It is evident that a lot of TV programs in America portray satire, irony, and at the same time, the themes are against government policies. People watching TV in America enjoy the sense of mental and intellectual freedom; this is because they are able to watch many programs that are the critic of the government without being victimized by the government. Watching programs that are satirical to the government in America have made people mentally free, and that is why there is democracy in America. However, people watching TV programs in most countries of the Arab world are not mentally free due to governments’ control most of the content to be watched. Satirical programs, which can instill mental freedom to individuals and address the ill nature of the governments, are limited to the Arab world. This fact has seen to it that people living in the Arab are under the

The Right Marketing Communication Mix That Can Help L’oreal Essay Example for Free

The Right Marketing Communication Mix That Can Help L’oreal Essay Title of Project: The right Marketing Communication Mix that can help L’Oreal increase its Shampoo Market Share in the rural market. Abstract of the Study (500 words): This paper aims at devising the right kind of Marketing Communication Mix for L’Oreal, that can help it to increase its market share in the rural market, both effectively and efficiently. L’Oreal Group is the world’s largest cosmetics and beauty Company. Its headquarters are located Paris suburb of Clichy, France. It entered India in 1997, at a time when there was no proper hair care facility there. They have their salons located in the top 100 cities of India, of which 20% contribute to 40% of their total revenue. Their policy is to provide the best quality and experience to the customer, without reducing price ever. But with the saturation of urban market, the emergence of the rural market and increasing cut-throat competition from other cosmetics and beauty giants, L’Oreal will have to take a step into the rural market, in order to increase its market share in India as a whole. Its market share, reported as of now, is 41.5 per cent share of the market in India for hair conditioner, around 20 per cent for hair coloring products, and 6.5 per cent and 4.6 per cent for the skincare and shampoo markets respectively. It is also the leading player in the salon products sector. The rural market is gaining importance day by day. Over 70% India’s one billion plus population lives in around 627,000 villages in rural areas and its growth rate is still high. With a simultaneous increase in the purchasing power of the rural people, as a result of increased income, there has been an increase in demand of cosmetics and other beauty products. It has been termed as the â€Å"woken-up sleeping giant† by many MNCs and they would do well than to ignore it completely, lest they get overwhelmed by competition. In such cases, L’Oreal has no choice, but to establish itself in the Indian rural market as well. As of now HUL holds the largest market share in shampoo in India at 43 percent or Rs 1720 crore, while L’Oreal stands in the 5th position at 4 percent market share or Rs 160 crore in shampoo in India; the total shampoo market share in India being Rs 4000 crore. Thus, this paper aims at laying down the customer preference, awareness and reasons for their choosing other shampoo brands over L’Oreal’s, and accordingly devising the right Marketing Communication Mix to help it increase its market share in the Indian Shampoo Market. Research Questions: Which is the marketing communication that best affects the consumer buying behavior? (Perishable goods) Why some companies fail and some company’s success in rural market arena? Research Methodology: Primary method of data collection will be undertaken like Survey Research Design, as a well as some secondary method of data collection too. Issues Faced Till Now: Whether or not to follow the Experimental Research Design supplementing the survey to be undertaken. Date of Submission final project: 11th November (tentative)

Universal Human Rights Essay -- Human Rights

Are Human Rights a phenomenon without merit or a crucial aspect of our inter-governmental/inter-societal system? Some would argue that the foundation of human rights contradicts the means. For instance, when discussing the use of the term â€Å"Universal Human Rights,† we often forget that the term â€Å"universal† instigates nations to follow under one set doctrine of particular principles (Ronin, Bruce, and Hurd, 2008). The contradiction lies within the entity which promotes said norms, the United Nations; within it, the international non-governmental entity seeks out ways of promoting their vision of a world bound by a code of conduct and a common goal of peace and co-existence. The problem is how does one go about doing implementing human rights on a universal scale while respecting a state’s right to sovereignty and direction of law (Orford, 2003)? And by extension, how does the international community as a whole work towards enforcing said principles if a s tate opposes it? These questions act as the foundation of an argument that is shared throughout the international community; who has the right to implement and enforce human rights norms and by what authority shall that entity utilize to complete such an objective? Argument/Analysis First of all, let us analyze the global political system in its current form as to fully grasp the convoluted nature of international politics. One could argue that the ever changing global political scene is directly attributed to the multilateral approach to dealing with issues relevant to state sovereignty and intervention. In this instance, nation states often take it upon themselves to directly address particular conflicts oceans away. In other cases, we notice that the United Nations, a non-go... ... it. Whether by the strength of an individual state or the wit of an international organization, upholding human rights must be the primary goal when determining the need for intervention. Works Cited 1) Valentino, Benjamin A. 2011. "The True Costs of Humanitarian Intervention." Foreign Affairs (6.60) 2) Daalder, Ivo H. 2007. Beyond Preemption: Force and Legitimacy in a Changing World. Brookings Institution Press. 3) Ronin, Bruce, and Ian Hurd. 2008. UN Security Council and the Politics of International Authority. Taylor & Francis Routledge 4) Orford, A. (2003). Reading Humanitarian Intervention: Human Rights and the Use of Force in International Law. Cambridge University Press. 5) Donnelly, Jack. 1984. "HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION AND AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY: Law, Morality and Politics." Journal of International Affairs 37, no. 2: 311.

How does Steinbeck present the culture of the migrant worker in the novel? Essay

John Steinbeck wrote a novel called Of Mice and Men in 1937. At the time America was in a period of economic depression following the Wall Street crash. John Steinbeck saw the effects and saw how people had to work hard away from home as migrant workers and this motivated him to write this novel. The story is about 2 migrant workers; Lennie and George. In this essay we will be looking at the character of the migrant workers, their motivations and their dreams for the future. Also we will be looking at the language and then conclude by answering the question ‘how does Steinbeck present the culture of the migrant worker in the novel? Migrant workers are people who go looking around for work away from home. They normally do not form long term friendships and normally do not form relationships with women. However in Steinbeck’s novel there are two friends called Lennie and George who have a long term friendship. Lennie is a big man with a mental age of about 8. He always relies on George to tell him what’s right and wrong. We can know that normal migrant workers are lonely. This is supported when George says â€Å"guys like us that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. The way he says loneliest, he doesn’t just say lonely he refers to migrant workers as â€Å"the loneliest people†. The migrant worker is shown to be lonely by Steinbeck. Also when Candy says â€Å"of course I ain’t got family† it tells us that it is usual to not have family and is a common feature shared by the migrant workers. Each character in the novel has his or her own characteristics, and this is how Steinbeck presents the culture of the migrant worker. Candy is characterised as being old and useless -the one who they use and Crooks is the lonely and isolated one. We come to know that Crooks feels lonely when he says â€Å"books ain’t no good a guy needs somebody to be near him†. The way he says ‘somebody’ means that he is desperate to have a friend and this desperation shows his loneliness. So Steinbeck presents us with different characteristics of each character like anger and loneliness. We also see signs of selfishness when Carlson shoots Candy’s dog. This novel is about hope and despair, love and disgust but Carlson isn’t really plugged into these things. This world is black and white to him with no subtitle for example when slim leads George away from the riverbank as he has gathered what has just happened Carlson says â€Å"what the hell do you thinks is eating them two guys†. This shows he is clueless to his surroundings but this is how he survives the life of the migrant worker. So overall there are different characteristics of the migrant workers. This is due to their circumstances like Crooks being black, Candy being old and Curley’s wife not loving him and not being loved by him. So Steinbeck presents the culture of the migrant workers to be selfish and lonely. But there are two characters that are different to the others; they are the dreamers, Lennie and George who symbolise hope for the migrant worker. What’s different about them is that they are friends who stick together till the end of the novel. This is shown when George says â€Å"with us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us†. This tells us that they have a dream the way George say â€Å"we got a future†. This shows us hope. Also when Lennie says â€Å"I got you to look after me and you got me to look after you†. This shows us lots of things, firstly it shows us friendship between them but it also shows that Lennie relies on George. George’s dream is to have is own piece of land and Lennie’s is to tend rabbits on that piece of land. But there are also other characters that have dreams like Curley’s. Her dream is to become an actress when she says â€Å"he was going to put me in the movies†. This shows us that she wanted to become an actress and therefore shows us that even she has a dream. Also Crooks dreams of being seen as equal to everyone else. He remembers his childhood, when he played with white children who came to his family’s chicken ranch. Even the old and useless Candy has a dream which merges with Lennie and George’s dream which is to have their own piece of land. So overall Steinbeck presents us with a lot of different characters of the migrant workers. He shows anger, aggression and even loneliness, but he also shows other things like hope, friendship and the dream of the migrant workers. He also shows the dream of the migrant worker and how it is pointless to have a dream. He shows us that dreams lead to disappointment. In the novel nobody’s dream comes true for example Crooks doesn’t get that equality he thinks he deserves, Curley’s wife doesn’t get to be an actress and Candy’s dreams get shattered along with George of having their own piece of land. The best way to avoid disappointment is to not have a dream this is what Steinbeck is explaining in this novel. Steinbeck uses a lot of descriptions to show the scenery. For example he describes a place at the beginning to be â€Å"close to the hillside bank and runs deep and green. The water is warm too†. Then at the beginning of section 2 he describes were they work when he says â€Å"the bunk house was long, rectangular building. Inside the walls were whitewashed and the floor unpainted†. He gives a contrast because at the beginning he describes a place that is beautiful and colourful by the way he says deep and green and when he describes the work place he uses very plain description like rectangular bunk house and ‘the floors unpainted’. This gives us a contrast between the life of nature and then the life of the migrant worker. The language used tells us that they were uneducated and had an accent by the way Lennie says ‘purty’ instead of ‘pretty’. Also we can tell that they are uneducated by the way they speak like when Lennie says â€Å"make um let me alone†. Steinbeck is recreating an authentic sense of the spoken voice. However people who sound uneducated can still have brains for example Crooks. He reads law books but his language is just as bad as the others when he says â€Å"I ain’t so crippled I can’t work like a son of a bitch if I want to†. They also use racist words towards crooks like ‘nigger’. This is only said to show us that they were all living in a time, in society that was racist. Overall I think that Steinbeck shows the culture of the migrant workers in numerous ways, he gives us different characteristics of the migrant worker for example anger, suspicions, selfishness and loneliness, but the most important thing is the dream of Lennie and George that one day they will have their own piece of land and this is what keeps them going. This shows hope for the migrant worker. Candy and his dog provides a parallel to George and Lennie. When candy’s dog got old and useless he got killed, but not by Candy but by Carlson, Candy felt that he should have killed the dog himself when he says â€Å"I should have killed him myself†. At the end of the novel George kills Lennie because he knew it would be better for him to kill Lennie and not regret it like Candy did with his dog. Steinbeck shows us that not all migrant workers are selfish and don’t make long term friendships by the characters Lennie and George. Steinbeck tells us how quickly hopes and dreams can get destroyed. The title ‘of mice and men’ refers to a poem which tells us of a mouse and how the mouse builds up his nest and how the nest is destroyed. The mouse symbolises Lennie and George and the nest is symbolises their dream and how it is destroyed so suddenly.

The Importance Of Hospitality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 785 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Odyssey Essay Did you like this example? In the Epic The Odyssey by Homer, Homer emphasizes the sacrifices made by the brave heroic Odysseus as he faces many harsh obstacles fighting in the Trojan War for the past 10 years. This Epic portrays many emotional and mental values as it is depicted by many brave heroes who were willing to make very difficult decisions. The value of relationships and hospitality is revealed throughout the novel. The author acknowledges the value of culture of the characters as there is a constant repetition of hospitality. Throughout Odysseuss journey, multiple characters come along his path as they each hold their own moral. Many of these characters represent the constant repetition of hospitality shown as they are pleasing the Gods by sharing and providing items for people in need, knowing that some type of incentive will be given back to them in return for completing a good deed. In this novel, hospitality is an important part of honor and negotiation of relationships. Odysseus acknowledges the fact that Aeolus hosted [him] one entire monthhe gave [him] a sack, the skin of a full-grown ox, binding inside the winds that howl from every quarter (Homer 231). His acknowledgement reveals the hospitality between the characters since it is told that Aeolus was kind enough to host Odysseus and his men for an entire month and provide him with a sack of wind, which will come to be useful later on. Many other good deeds are done by the characters throughout the novel in order to show the constant repetition of hospitality. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Importance Of Hospitality" essay for you Create order When Odysseus is at King Alcinous palace, [he] hid his face while he wept. His weeping went unmarked by all the others; only Alcinous, sitting close behind him, noticed his guests tears, heard the groan in the mans labored breathing and said at once to the masters mariners around him our loyal friends at banquets. Now we go out again and test ourselves in contestsso our guests can tell his friendshow far we excel the world. (Homer 192). A good deed can be shown in this passage as it is shown that King Alcinous is taking good care of his guest, Odysseus, as he is trying his best to recover Odysseus from crying by attempting to hold a fun contest. King Alcinous refers to Odysseus as our loyal friend (Homer 192), showing how he treats him with respect and truly cares about his well-being. Imagery is crucial in the Odyssey as it reveals clarification for the relationships that the characters have with each other. Homer intelligently uses imagery to paint dramatic pictures of the relationships between the characters. It is revealed that Odysseuss men does not have any trust in him as the crews began to mutter among themselves, sure I was hauling troves of gold of silver home, the gifts of open AeolusNow this Aeolus loads him down with treasure. Favoritism, friend to friend! ?Hurry lets see what loot is in that sack(Homer 231). When his men opened his bag of wind it blew them so off course that they were so close that they could see Ithaca, but it was because the relationship between Odysseus and his men that threw him off course; the men does not have any trust in Odysseus. They would not have opened the bag of wind in the first place if they had trust in Odysseus, but they did not as they thought that Odysseus was going to keep all the gold and silver to himself. The use of imagery also represents the strong father-son bond that Odysseus and Telemachus have with each other. Unlike other father-son relationships, it is the great amount of distance between Odysseus and Telemachus that formed the strong bond between them. Telemachus must earn his fathers respect by fighting his own battles. Through the distance between them, they are able to establish their share of beliefs and values.. When the father and son finally meet, salt tears rose from the wells of longing in both men/So helpless they cried pouring out tears,/ and might have gone weeping till sundown (Homer 268). Homers use of imagery strongly illustrates the emotional reaction when Odysseus and Telemachus is finally reunited. The son and father was able to share their beliefs and values through the distance that held them apart, making their bond even more close. In The Odyssey, Homer highlights the importance of hospitality between the characters in order to form a loyal relationship. This Epic is portrayed by fearless heroes who were able to sacrifice in order to receive. Having the ability to fight for your own battles truly shows your worth and loyalty to others as it shows how much you are willing to put yourself through.